tests/posix/common: Fix filtering for POSIX arch

All these tests where filtered for the whole POSIX
architecture, but quite a few of them can be run in
native_sim.
So let's filter out native_posix(_64) in general,
(allowing other native simulator based targes),
and filter for thsi arch out explicitly the 2 tests
which need NEWLIB as this arch does not provide it.

Signed-off-by: Alberto Escolar Piedras <alberto.escolar.piedras@nordicsemi.no>

tests/posix/common/testcase.yaml

@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@ common:
   filter: not (CONFIG_NATIVE_BUILD and CONFIG_EXTERNAL_LIBC)
   # FIXME: qemu_leon3 is excluded because of the alignment-related failure
   #        reported in the GitHub issue zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr#48992.
-  arch_exclude: posix
-  platform_exclude: qemu_leon3
+  platform_exclude:
+    - qemu_leon3
+    - native_posix
+    - native_posix_64
   tags: posix
   min_ram: 64
   timeout: 240
@@ -24,6 +26,8 @@ tests:
     filter: TOOLCHAIN_HAS_NEWLIB == 1
     extra_configs:
       - CONFIG_NEWLIB_LIBC=y
+    arch_exclude:
+      - posix
     integration_platforms:
       - qemu_x86
   portability.posix.common.armclang_std_libc:
@@ -51,6 +55,8 @@ tests:
       - lpcxpresso55s06
     filter: TOOLCHAIN_HAS_NEWLIB == 1 and CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_THREAD_LOCAL_STORAGE and
       CONFIG_TOOLCHAIN_SUPPORTS_THREAD_LOCAL_STORAGE
+    arch_exclude:
+      - posix
     integration_platforms:
       - qemu_x86
     extra_configs: